Showing posts with label inventor. Show all posts
Showing posts with label inventor. Show all posts
08 July 2015
UNIVAC Computer
The invention:
The first commercially successful computer system.
The people behind the invention:
John Presper Eckert (1919-1995), an American electrical engineer
John W. Mauchly (1907-1980), an American physicist
John von Neumann (1903-1957), a Hungarian American
mathematician
Howard Aiken (1900-1973), an American physicist
George Stibitz (1904-1995), a scientist at Bell Labs
04 January 2015
Ultracentrifuge
The invention:
Asuper-high-velocity centrifuge designed to separate
colloidal or submicroscopic substances, the ultracentrifuge
was used to measure the molecular weight of proteins and
proved that proteins are large molecules.
08 December 2014
Turbojet
The invention:
A jet engine with a turbine-driven compressor that
uses its hot-gas exhaust to develop thrust.
The people behind the invention:
Henry Harley Arnold (1886-1950), a chief of staff of the U.S.
Army Air Corps
Gerry Sayer, a chief test pilot for Gloster Aircraft Limited
Hans Pabst von Ohain (1911- ), a German engineer
Sir Frank Whittle (1907-1996), an English Royal Air Force
officer and engineer
09 November 2014
Tupperware
The invention:
Trademarked food-storage products that changed
the way Americans viewed plastic products and created a model
for selling products in consumers homes.
The people behind the invention:
Earl S. Tupper (1907-1983), founder of Tupperware
Brownie Wise, the creator of the vast home sales network for
Tupperware
Morison Cousins (1934-2001), a designer hired by Tupperware
to modernize its products in the early 1990’s
18 October 2014
Tungsten filament
The invention:
Metal filament used in the incandescent light bulbs
that have long provided most of the world’s electrical lighting.
The people behind the invention:
William David Coolidge (1873-1975), an American electrical
engineer
Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931), an American inventor
25 September 2014
Tuberculosis vaccine
The invention:
Vaccine that uses an avirulent (nondisease) strain
of bovine tuberculosis bacilli that is safer than earlier vaccines.
The people behind the invention:
Albert Calmette (1863-1933), a French microbiologist
Camille Guérin (1872-1961), a French veterinarian and
microbiologist
Robert Koch (1843-1910), a German physician and
microbiologist
16 July 2014
Transistor
The invention:
A miniature electronic device, comprising a tiny
semiconductor and multiple electrical contacts, used in circuits
as an amplifier, detector, or switch, that revolutionized electronics
in the mid-twentieth century.
The people behind the invention:
William B. Shockley (1910-1989), an American physicist who led
the Bell Laboratories team that produced the first transistors
Akio Morita (1921-1999), a Japanese physicist and engineer who
was the cofounder of the Sony electronics company
Masaru Ibuka (1908-1997), a Japanese electrical engineer and
businessman who cofounded Sony with Morita
08 June 2014
Touch-tone telephone
The invention:
A push-button dialing system for telephones that
replaced the earlier rotary-dial phone.
The person behind the invention:
Bell Labs, the research and development arm of the American
Telephone and Telegraph Company
07 June 2014
Tidal power plant
The invention:
Plant that converts the natural ocean tidal forces
into electrical power.
The people behind the invention:
Mariano di Jacopo detto Taccola (Mariano of Siena, 1381-1453),
an Italian notary, artist, and engineer
Bernard Forest de Bélidor (1697 or 1698-1761), a French engineer
Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882-1945), president of the United States
25 April 2014
Thermal cracking process
The invention:
Process that increased the yield of refined gasoline
extracted from raw petroleum by using heat to convert complex
hydrocarbons into simpler gasoline hydrocarbons, thereby making
possible the development of the modern petroleum industry.
The people behind the invention:
William M. Burton (1865-1954), an American chemist
Robert E. Humphreys (1942- ), an American chemist
03 April 2014
Tevatron accelerator
The invention:
A particle accelerator that generated collisions between
beams of protons and antiprotons at the highest energies
ever recorded.
The people behind the invention:
Robert Rathbun Wilson (1914- ), an American physicist and
director of Fermilab from 1967 to 1978
John Peoples (1933- ), an American physicist and deputy
director of Fermilab from 1987
10 February 2014
Television
The invention:
System that converts moving pictures and sounds
into electronic signals that can be broadcast at great distances.
The people behind the invention:
Vladimir Zworykin (1889-1982), a Soviet electronic engineer and
recipient of the National Medal of Science in 1967
Paul Gottlieb Nipkow (1860-1940), a German engineer and
inventor
Alan A. Campbell Swinton (1863-1930), a Scottish engineer and
Fellow of the Royal Society
Charles F. Jenkins (1867-1934), an American physicist, engineer,
and inventor
23 January 2014
Telephone switching
The invention:
The first completely automatic electronic system
for switching telephone calls.
The people behind the invention:
Almon B. Strowger (1839-1902), an American inventor
Charles Wilson Hoover, Jr. (1925- ), supervisor of memory
system development
Wallace Andrew Depp (1914- ), director of Electronic
Switching
Merton Brown Purvis (1923- ), designer of switching
matrices
24 October 2013
Teflon
The invention:
Afluorocarbon polymer whose chemical inertness
and physical properties have made it useful for many applications,
from nonstick cookware coatings to suits for astronauts.
The person behind the invention:
Roy J. Plunkett (1910-1994), an American chemist
01 June 2013
Talking motion pictures
The invention:
The first practical system for linking sound with
moving pictures.
The people behind the invention:
Harry Warner (1881-1958), the brother who used sound to
fashion a major filmmaking company
Albert Warner (1884-1967), the brother who persuaded theater
owners to show Warner films
Samuel Warner (1887-1927), the brother who adapted soundrecording
technology to filmmaking
Jack Warner (1892-1978), the brother who supervised the
making of Warner films
15 February 2013
Syphilis test
The invention:
The first simple test for detecting the presence of
the venereal disease syphilis led to better syphilis control and
other advances in immunology.
The people behind the invention:
Reuben Leon Kahn (1887-1974), a Soviet-born American
serologist and immunologist
August von Wassermann (1866-1925), a German physician and
bacteriologist
23 January 2013
Synthetic RNA
The invention:
A method for synthesizing the biological molecule
RNA established that this process can occur outside the living
cell.
The people behind the invention:
Severo Ochoa (1905-1993), a Spanish biochemist who shared
the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Marianne Grunberg-Manago (1921- ), a French biochemist
Marshall W. Nirenberg (1927- ), an American biochemist
who won the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Peter Lengyel (1929- ), a Hungarian American biochemist
19 December 2012
Synthetic DNA
The invention:
A method for replicating viral deoxyribonucleic
acid (DNA) in a test tube that paved the way for genetic engineering.
The people behind the invention:
Arthur Kornberg (1918- ), an American physician and
biochemist
Robert L. Sinsheimer (1920- ), an American biophysicist
Mehran Goulian (1929- ), a physician and biochemist
10 December 2012
Synthetic amino acid
The invention :
Amethod for synthesizing amino acids by combining water, hydrogen, methane, and ammonia and exposing the mixture to an electric spark.
The people behind the invention :
Stanley Lloyd Miller (1930- ), an American professor of chemistry
Harold Clayton Urey (1893-1981), an American chemist who won the 1934 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Aleksandr Ivanovich Oparin (1894-1980), a Russian biochemist
John Burdon Sanderson Haldane (1892-1964), a British scientist
02 December 2012
Synchrocyclotron
The invention:
A powerful particle accelerator that performed
better than its predecessor, the cyclotron.
The people behind the invention:
Edwin Mattison McMillan (1907-1991), an American physicist
who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1951
Vladimir Iosifovich Veksler (1907-1966), a Soviet physicist
Ernest Orlando Lawrence (1901-1958), an American physicist
Hans Albrecht Bethe (1906- ), a German American physicist
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